Lab 2 - 3 color LED diffuser with transition
Description
First, a bottle cap wrapped with Styrofoam was used as the diffuser. Then I found out that the LED was still pretty distinct so I had to add another layer inside the cap. I extended the sample code so that it catches a char which is mapped to a color.
In version 2, I added the transition effect. For each change, the change in rgb values are divided by multiple cycles and run in a loop so that the light gradually transit to the next color. Right now it's set to have 50 cycles that transit in 1 second. In addition, a help instruction is shown for easier control.
The LEDs are not perfectly precise. Quite some time was spent to fine-tune the values. However, yellow and brown are still not as accurate.
Components
1 - Arduino UNO Board
3 - 220-ohm resistors
3 - LED lights (1 red, 1 blue, 1 green)
1 bottle cap
Some Styrofoam as diffuser
Code
char serInString[10]; // array that will hold the different bytes of the string. 100=100characters;
// -> you must state how long the array will be else it won't work properly
char colorCode;
int colorVal;
int redPin = 9; // Red LED, connected to digital pin 9
int greenPin = 10; // Green LED, connected to digital pin 10
int bluePin = 11; // Blue LED, connected to digital pin 11
int curR = 127; //the initial value
int curG = 127; //the initial value
int curB = 127; //the initial value
int cycle = 50;
boolean fade = true;
boolean debug = false;
char help[] = "Type a letter to switch the color.\nRed:r, Green:g, Blue:b\nWhite:i, Dimmed:d, Black:k\nPurple:p, Yellow:y, Cyan:c\nPink:n, Orange:o, Brown:w\n";
void setup() {
pinMode(redPin, OUTPUT); // sets the pins as output
pinMode(greenPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(bluePin, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
analogWrite(redPin, 127); // set them all to mid brightness
analogWrite(greenPin, 127); // set them all to mid brightness
analogWrite(bluePin, 127); // set them all to mid brightness
Serial.println(help);
}
void loop () {
// clear the string
memset(serInString, 0, 10);
//read the serial port and create a string out of what you read
readSerialString(serInString);
colorCode = serInString[0];
if(colorCode != '') {
switch(colorCode) {
case 'r':
changeLED(255,0,0);
break;
case 'g':
changeLED(0,255,0);
break;
case 'b':
changeLED(0,0,255);
break;
case 'i':
changeLED(255,255,235);
break;
case 'd':
changeLED(127,127,127);
break;
case 'k':
changeLED(0,0,0);
break;
case 'o':
changeLED(255,95,0);
break;
case 'p':
changeLED(255,0,255);
break;
case 'y':
changeLED(255,130,0);
break;
case 'n':
changeLED(255,65,78);
break;
case 'c':
changeLED(0,135,115);
break;
case 'w':
changeLED(255,70,0);
break;
case '?':
Serial.println(help);
break;
default:
Serial.println("This is not in the options");
Serial.println(help);
}
}
delay(100); // wait a bit, for serial data
}
//read a string from the serial and store it in an array
//you must supply the array variable
void readSerialString (char *strArray) {
int i = 0;
if(!Serial.available()) {
return;
}
while (Serial.available()) {
strArray[i] = Serial.read();
i++;
}
}
void changeLED(int r, int g, int b) {
Serial.print("Changing to: ");
Serial.print(r);
Serial.print(',');
Serial.print(g);
Serial.print(',');
Serial.println(b);
if(fade) {
fadeLED(r,g,b);
} else {
analogWrite(redPin, r);
analogWrite(greenPin, g);
analogWrite(bluePin, b);
}
}
void fadeLED(int r, int g, int b) {
int deltaR = (r-curR)/cycle;
int deltaG = (g-curG)/cycle;
int deltaB = (b-curB)/cycle;
if(debug) {
Serial.println(deltaR);
Serial.println(deltaG);
Serial.println(deltaB);
}
for(int i=cycle; i>0; i--) {
analogWrite(redPin, curR+=deltaR);
analogWrite(greenPin, curG+=deltaG);
analogWrite(bluePin, curB+=deltaB);
if(debug) {
Serial.println(i);
Serial.println(curR);
Serial.println(curG);
Serial.println(curB);
}
delay(20);
}
curR = r;
curG = g;
curB = b;
analogWrite(redPin, curR);
analogWrite(greenPin, curG);
analogWrite(bluePin, curB);
if(debug) {
Serial.println(curR);
Serial.println(curG);
Serial.println(curB);
}
}
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