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Developed by Karen (2010), Julian (2011), Satish (2011)
Thanks to thatwhichmatter, I came across the term "hapax legomenon". (In a quick search, I found that this is also the name of a character in the MMORPG City of Heroes.)
My second favorite linguistic eponym (the first would be the McGurk effect) has popped up in a number of domains other than natural language, like city infrastructure and physiological metabolism: http://judson.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/05/19/math-and-the-city/